Oral Hygiene and Gum Health

Proper oral hygiene is essential for maintaining healthy teeth and gums. Adults over the age of 35 lose more teeth from gum disease than from cavities. Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, includes conditions such as gingivitis and periodontitis, and affects many adults at some point in their lives. The best way to prevent periodontal disease, as well as cavities, is through consistent daily brushing and flossing.

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Understanding Gum Disease

Most cases of periodontal disease develop due to bacterial plaque buildup on the teeth. If plaque hardens, it forms tartar, which gradually damages the tissues and bone that support the teeth. Practicing good oral hygiene, including brushing at least twice a day and flossing at least once a day, can significantly reduce the risk of developing gum disease. Proper techniques are essential to ensure thorough cleaning.

Brushing Teeth Correctly

To brush effectively:

  • Use a toothbrush with soft bristles and position it at a 45-degree angle to the gum line.
  • Brush the outer surfaces of teeth using small circular motions, covering two to three teeth at a time.
  • For front teeth, hold the brush vertically and use short up-and-down strokes.
  • For molars, use gentle back-and-forth strokes, focusing on two to three teeth at a time, and reposition the brush frequently to reach all surfaces.

After brushing, rinse the mouth thoroughly to remove food particles and plaque.

Flossing Teeth Correctly

Inflamed gums often result from plaque buildup between teeth. Flossing is key to removing plaque from hard-to-reach areas:

  • Use approximately 18 inches of floss.
  • Gently insert the floss between teeth using a back-and-forth motion.
  • Move the floss down to the gum line and contour it around the tooth, using a sliding up-and-down motion slightly below the gum line.
  • Lift the floss above the gums before moving to the next tooth, repeating the process on both sides of every tooth.
  • Avoid pressing too hard, as this can damage delicate gum tissue.

Rinse the mouth after flossing to remove dislodged plaque or food. Gums may bleed initially, but with daily flossing, sensitivity usually decreases and bleeding stops.

Caring for Sensitive Teeth

Teeth may become sensitive to hot or cold after dental treatments. This sensitivity is typically temporary as long as proper oral hygiene is maintained. If teeth remain highly sensitive, consult a dentist, who may recommend medicated toothpaste or a mouth rinse designed for sensitive teeth.

Professional Dental Cleaning

Regular professional cleanings are essential for maintaining oral health. A dentist can remove accumulated plaque and tartar, and provide guidance on additional preventive care techniques to keep teeth and gums healthy.