Periodontics 

Periodontic Specialties

Periodontics primarily addresses periodontal disease, commonly referred to as gum disease. Periodontists manage various stages of gum disease, including:

Gingivitis

Gingivitis is a mild form of periodontal disease causing the gums to swell, redden, and bleed easily due to inflammation. It is usually caused by plaque and bacteria buildup from poor oral hygiene. Gingivitis may also result from certain medications, infections, or poor nutrition. While it is often painless, prompt treatment is recommended to prevent complications.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis develops when untreated gingivitis progresses, allowing plaque to spread below the gum line and create toxins that inflame the gums and bone. This can lead to pocket formation, frequent infections, and tissue destruction. Types of periodontitis include:

• Aggressive periodontitis: Rapid onset in otherwise healthy patients, causing fast bone loss and pocket formation.
• Chronic periodontitis: The most common form, characterized by gradual detachment, bone loss, and gum recession.
• Periodontitis from systemic diseases: Associated with conditions like heart disease, respiratory disease, and diabetes, often beginning at a young age.
• Necrotizing periodontal disease: Infection causing tissue death in the gums, typically affecting patients with systemic health issues.

Periodontic Treatments

Periodontists perform a variety of treatments, including non-surgical procedures and surgeries, depending on the severity of the condition.

Scaling and Root Planing

A deep-cleaning method that removes bacteria from below the gum line and tooth roots. Local anesthesia may be used to ensure comfort during the procedure.

Root Surface Debridement

Removes damaged tissue using ultrasonic instruments or hand tools to promote healing of the gum and root surfaces.

Flap Surgery

This procedure lifts gum tissue to allow thorough cleaning beneath the gums. It is often recommended when antibiotics or deep-cleaning procedures alone are insufficient.

Gum or Bone Grafts

Grafts may be performed to regenerate gum or bone tissue that has been lost due to periodontal disease.

Dental Implants

When teeth are lost due to periodontal disease or other conditions, dental implants can replace missing teeth. Implants fuse with the jawbone and require the same preventive care as natural teeth to avoid periodontal complications.

Periodontal disease affects many individuals. Early intervention and consistent care from a periodontist can prevent severe complications and preserve oral health.